Visible changes in the skin caused by photodamage, including photoaging, are primarily the result of prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which accelerates the natural ageing process. These changes affect the skin’s pigmentation, structure, and resilience, leading to a prematurely aged appearance.
Below, we outline the key signs and causes of photodamage
Pigmentary Changes
One of the earliest and most noticeable signs of photodamage is uneven pigmentation. This includes
- Sunspots (Solar Lentigines) Flat, brown, or black spots commonly seen on sun-exposed areas such as the face, hands, and décolletage.
- Melasma Blotchy hyperpigmentation that often appears on the face.
- Dull or Sallow Skin Tone Caused by the accumulation of damaged skin cells and altered melanocyte function.
- Hypopigmented Patches Areas of depigmentation may occur over time as the skin’s ability to repair itself diminishes.
Structural Changes
Photodamage significantly impacts the skin’s structural integrity, leading to
- Collagen and Elastin BreakdownUV radiation weakens these essential proteins, resulting in sagging skin and a loss of firmness.
- Wrinkles and Fine Lines Most noticeable around the eyes (crow’s feet), mouth, and forehead.
- Coarse, Rough Texture Increased keratinocyte turnover leads to thickened, uneven epidermal layers.
- Enlarged Pores Particularly visible on the cheeks and nose due to reduced collagen support around hair follicles.
Vascular Changes and Compromised Resilience
Chronic UV exposure affects the skin’s blood vessels and overall resilience, causing
- Telangiectasias Visible capillaries that create a ruddy, uneven complexion, especially on the cheeks and nose.
- Thinner, Fragile Skin More prone to bruising and slower wound healing.
- Solar Elastosis A leathery appearance characterised by thickened, yellowish, and sagging skin.
- Chronic Inflammation Contributes to a weathered look and diminished moisture retention.
Preventing and managing photodamage requires a disciplined approach. Sun protection is critical, daily use of a broad-spectrum SPF 50+ sunscreen, along with protective clothing and limiting sun exposure during peak UV hours, can significantly reduce the risk of photodamage. Early intervention with dermatological treatments, such as chemical peels, laser resurfacing, and advanced skincare products containing retinoids and antioxidants, can also help repair visible signs of photoaging and restore skin health. As with most dermatological interventions, combining treatments will provide a superior result as compared to an individual treatment. Contact KDAA to organise a consult with one of our trained clinicians to guide you on your journey toward improved, healthier skin.
